Note that fenestration includes windows, doors that have more than 50% glazed area, and skylights. A skylight is fenestration that has a tilt of less than 60° from horizontal.
| Fenestration Name | |
| Applicability | All fenestration, optional input |
|---|---|
| Definition | A unique name or code that relates the fenestration to the design documents and a parent surface. |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions |
| Baseline Rules | Not applicable |
| Fenestration Type (Vertical Fenestration) | |
| Applicability | All vertical fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of vertical fenestration that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units |
List (ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007): Nonmetal framing (all); metal framing (curtainwall/storefront); metal framing (entrance door); or metal framing (all other) List (ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001): Fixed or Operable |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than that the vertical fenestration type must agree with the type specified on the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Fenestration Type (Skylights) | |
| Applicability | All skylights |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of skylights that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units | List: Glass skylight with curb; plastic skylight with curb; or skylights with no curb |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than the skylight types specified must agree with the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Fenestration Geometry | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
| Units | Data structure: opening |
| Input Restrictions | There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions: 1) exterior shading is modeled from buildings, vegetation, other objects; or 2) if daylighting is modeled within the adjacent space. |
| Baseline Rules |
The geometry of the fenestration shall be identical to the proposed design with the following exceptions:
|
| Fenestration Construction | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, SHGC and VT . Data may be specified in other ways, however, as long as the data are supported by appropriate tests. |
| Units | Data structure: fenestration construction |
| Input Restrictions | Performance information for fenestration shall be developed from NFRC test procedures or shall be taken from the default values in Appendix A of the baseline standard. Values entered shall be consistent with the specifications and the construction documents. |
| Baseline Rules | The requirements for vertical fenestration U factor, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, and Visible light transmission by climate zone and framing type are found in [bookref id="baseline-building-criteria-for-vertical-glazing-for-90.1-2001"] and for skylight inputs in [bookref id="Baseline Building Criteria for Skylights" id="baseline-building-criteria-for-skylights"]. In cases where there is no requirement (NR) for SHGC or VT, the baseline building shall be equal to the proposed design. |
[table title="Baseline Building Criteria for Vertical Glazing for 90.1 2001" id="baseline-building-criteria-for-vertical-glazing-for-90.1-2001"]
| Building type | Climate Zone | Window to Wall Ratio | Standard Design | |||||
| Assembly U-factor | Assembly SHGC | Assembly VT | ||||||
| Fixed | Operable | All | North | All | North | |||
| Nonresidential | 1 | 0-30.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.25 | 0.61 | 0.25 | 0.61 |
| 30.1-40.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.25 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.44 | ||
| 2 | 0-40.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.25 | 0.61 | 0.25 | 0.61 | |
| 3(A,B) | 0-10.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.39 | 0.49 | |
| 10.1-20.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.25 | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.49 | ||
| 20.1-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.25 | 0.39 | 0.25 | 0.39 | ||
| 3(C) | 0-10.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.61 | 0.82 | 0.61 | 0.82 | |
| 10.1-40.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.39 | 0.61 | 0.39 | 0.61 | ||
| 4 | 0-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.62 | |
| 5 | 0-10.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.62 | 0.62 | |
| 10.1-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.62 | ||
| 6 | 0-10.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.62 | 0.62 | |
| 10.1-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.64 | 0.49 | 0.64 | |
| 8 | 0-40.0% | 0.46 | 0.47 | NR | NR | NR | NR | |
| Residential | 1 | 0-30.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.25 | 0.61 | 0.25 | 0.61 |
| 30.1-40.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.25 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.44 | ||
| 2 | 0-10.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.39 | 0.61 | 0.39 | 0.61 | |
| 10.1-40.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.25 | 0.61 | 0.25 | 0.61 | ||
| 3(A,B) | 0-10.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.39 | 0.49 | |
| 10.1-20.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.25 | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.49 | ||
| 20.1-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.25 | 0.39 | 0.25 | 0.39 | ||
| 3(C) | 0-10.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.61 | 0.82 | 0.61 | 0.82 | |
| 10.1-20.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.61 | ||
| 20.1-30.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.39 | 0.61 | 0.39 | 0.61 | ||
| 30.1-40.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | 0.34 | 0.61 | 0.34 | 0.61 | ||
| 4 | 0-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.62 | |
| 5 | 0-10.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.62 | 0.62 | |
| 10.1-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.50 | 0.50 | ||
| 6 | 0-10.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.81 | |
| 10.1-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-40.0% | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.81 | |
| 8 | 0-40.0% | 0.46 | 0.47 | NR | NR | NR | NR | |
| Semiheated | 1-8 | 0-40.0% | 1.22 | 1.27 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
[table title="Baseline Building Criteria for Vertical Glazing for 90.1 2007 and 90.1-2010" id="baseline-building-criteria-for-vertical-glazing-for- 90.1-2007"]
| Building type | Fenestration Type | Climate Zone | Standard Design | ||
| U-factor | SHGC | VT | |||
| Nonresidential | Non-Metal Framing | 1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.35 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.90 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.85 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.80 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Nonresidential (Continued) | Metal Framing All Other |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Residential | Non-Metal Framing | 1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.35 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.40 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.90 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.85 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.80 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing All Other |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.45 | NR | NR | ||
| Residential | Non-Metal Framing | 1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR |
| 6- 8 | 0.65 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR | |
| 6- 8 | 0.60 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR | |
| 6- 8 | 0.90 | NR | NR | ||
| Residential (Continued) | Metal Framing All Other |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR |
| 6- 8 | 0.65 | NR | NR | ||
[table title="Baseline Building Criteria for Skylights" id="baseline-building-criteria-for-skylights"]
| Proposed Design | Applicable Standard | Climate Zone | % of Roof | Standard Design | ||
| U-factor | SHGC | VT | ||||
| Glass Skylight with Curb | 90.1 – 2001 & 90.1 - 2007 |
1,2 | 0-2.0% | 1.98 | 0.36 | 0.46 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.98 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (A,B) - (all climate zone 3 for 2007) | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.39 | 0.50 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (C) (2001 only) |
0-2.0% | 1.98 | 0.61 | 0.77 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.98 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 4,5 | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 6 | 0-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.68 | 0.68 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.64 | 0.64 | |||
| 8 | 0-2.0% | 0.98 | 0.55 | 0.63 | ||
| Plastic Skylight with Curb | 90.1 - 2001 & 90.1 - 2007 |
1 | 0-2.0% | 1.90 | 0.34 | 0.41 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.90 | 0.27 | 0.32 | |||
| 2 | 0-2.0% | 1.90 | 0.39 | 0.47 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.90 | 0.34 | 0.41 | |||
| 3,4 | 0-2.0% | 1.30 | 0.65 | 0.78 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.30 | 0.34 | 0.41 | |||
| 5 | 0-2.0% | 1.10 | 0.77 | 0.92 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.10 | 0.62 | 0.74 | |||
| 6 | 0-2.0% | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.85 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.87 | 0.58 | 0.70 | |||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.92 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.85 | |||
| 8 | 0-2.0% | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.64 | ||
| Skylight without Curb | 90.1 – 2001 & 90.1 – 2007 |
1,2 | 0-2.0% | 1.36 | 0.36 | 0.46 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.36 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (A,B) - (all climate zone 3 for 2007) | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.39 | 0.50 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (C) (2001 only) |
0-2.0% | 1.36 | 0.61 | 0.77 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.36 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 4,5 | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 6 | 0-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.68 | 0.68 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.64 | |||
| 8 | 0-5.0% | 0.58 | 0.55 | 0.63 | ||
| External Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Devices or building features, such as overhangs, fins, shading screens, and setbacks of windows from the exterior face of the wall, that are documented on the construction documents and shade the glazing. Objects that shade the building but that are not part of the building and parts of the building that cause the building to shade itself are also modeled, but are not a part of this building descriptor. See Shading of the Building Site. |
| Units | Data structure: opening shade |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions other than that the inputs must match the construction documents |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building is modeled without external shading devices. |
| Internal Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Curtains, blinds, louvers, or other devices that are applied on the room side of the glazing material. Glazing systems that use blinds between the glazing layers are also considered internal shading devices. Glass coatings or components or treatments of the glazing materials are addressed through the Fenestration Construction building descriptor. |
| Units | Data structure |
| Input Restrictions | Internal shading shall not be modeled in the proposed design, unless it is automatically controlled, based on input from an astronomical timeclock, an exterior pyronometer, or other sensors. The control algorithm shall be documented on the construction documents. Interior shades without automatic controls shall not be modeled. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building shall be modeled without interior shades. |
Note that fenestration includes windows, doors that have more than 50% glazed area, and skylights. A skylight is fenestration that has a tilt of less than 60° from horizontal.
| Fenestration Name | |
| Applicability | All fenestration, optional input |
|---|---|
| Definition | A unique name or code that relates the fenestration to the design documents and a parent surface. |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions |
| Baseline Rules | Not applicable |
| Fenestration Type (Vertical Fenestration) | |
| Applicability | All vertical fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of vertical fenestration that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units |
List (ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007): Nonmetal framing (all); metal framing (curtainwall/storefront); metal framing (entrance door); or metal framing (all other) |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than that the vertical fenestration type must agree with the type specified on the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Fenestration Type (Skylights) | |
| Applicability | All skylights |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of skylights that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units | List: Glass skylight with curb; plastic skylight with curb; or skylights with no curb |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than the skylight types specified must agree with the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Fenestration Geometry | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
| Units | Data structure: opening |
| Input Restrictions | There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions: 1) exterior shading is modeled from buildings, vegetation, other objects; or 2) if daylighting is modeled within the adjacent space. |
| Baseline Rules |
The geometry of the fenestration shall be identical to the proposed design with the following exceptions:
|
| Fenestration Construction | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, SHGC and VT . Data may be specified in other ways, however, as long as the data are supported by appropriate tests. |
| Units | Data structure: fenestration construction |
| Input Restrictions | Performance information for fenestration shall be developed from NFRC test procedures or shall be taken from the default values in Appendix A of the baseline standard. Values entered shall be consistent with the specifications and the construction documents. |
| Baseline Rules | The requirements for vertical fenestration U factor, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, and Visible light transmission by climate zone and framing type are found in [bookref id="baseline-building-criteria-for-vertical-glazing-for- 90.1-2007"] and for skylight inputs in [bookref id="Baseline Building Criteria for Skylights" id="baseline-building-criteria-for-skylights"]. In cases where there is no requirement (NR) for SHGC or VT, the baseline building shall be equal to the proposed design. |
[table title="Baseline Building Criteria for Vertical Glazing for 90.1 2007 and 90.1-2010" id="baseline-building-criteria-for-vertical-glazing-for- 90.1-2007"]
| Building type | Fenestration Type | Climate Zone | Standard Design | ||
| U-factor | SHGC | VT | |||
| Nonresidential | Non-Metal Framing | 1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.35 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.90 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.85 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.80 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Nonresidential (Continued) | Metal Framing All Other |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Residential | Non-Metal Framing | 1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.35 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.40 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.90 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.85 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.80 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing All Other |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.45 | NR | NR | ||
| Residential | Non-Metal Framing | 1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR |
| 6- 8 | 0.65 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR | |
| 6- 8 | 0.60 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR | |
| 6- 8 | 0.90 | NR | NR | ||
| Residential (Continued) | Metal Framing All Other |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR |
| 6- 8 | 0.65 | NR | NR | ||
Applicable to all window to wall ratios (0-40.0%)
[table title="Baseline Building Criteria for Skylights" id="baseline-building-criteria-for-skylights"]
| Proposed Design | Applicable Standard | Climate Zone | % of Roof | Standard Design | ||
| U-factor | SHGC | VT | ||||
| Glass Skylight with Curb | 90.1 – 2001 & 90.1 - 2007 |
1,2 | 0-2.0% | 1.98 | 0.36 | 0.46 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.98 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (A,B) - (all climate zone 3 for 2007) | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.39 | 0.50 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (C) (2001 only) |
0-2.0% | 1.98 | 0.61 | 0.77 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.98 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 4,5 | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 6 | 0-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.68 | 0.68 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.64 | 0.64 | |||
| 8 | 0-2.0% | 0.98 | 0.55 | 0.63 | ||
| Plastic Skylight with Curb | 90.1 - 2001 & 90.1 - 2007 |
1 | 0-2.0% | 1.90 | 0.34 | 0.41 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.90 | 0.27 | 0.32 | |||
| 2 | 0-2.0% | 1.90 | 0.39 | 0.47 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.90 | 0.34 | 0.41 | |||
| 3,4 | 0-2.0% | 1.30 | 0.65 | 0.78 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.30 | 0.34 | 0.41 | |||
| 5 | 0-2.0% | 1.10 | 0.77 | 0.92 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.10 | 0.62 | 0.74 | |||
| 6 | 0-2.0% | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.85 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.87 | 0.58 | 0.70 | |||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.92 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.85 | |||
| 8 | 0-2.0% | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.64 | ||
| Skylight without Curb | 90.1 – 2001 & 90.1 – 2007 |
1,2 | 0-2.0% | 1.36 | 0.36 | 0.46 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.36 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (A,B) - (all climate zone 3 for 2007) | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.39 | 0.50 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (C) (2001 only) |
0-2.0% | 1.36 | 0.61 | 0.77 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.36 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 4,5 | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 6 | 0-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.68 | 0.68 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.64 | |||
| 8 | 0-5.0% | 0.58 | 0.55 | 0.63 | ||
| External Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Devices or building features, such as overhangs, fins, shading screens, and setbacks of windows from the exterior face of the wall, that are documented on the construction documents and shade the glazing. Objects that shade the building but that are not part of the building and parts of the building that cause the building to shade itself are also modeled, but are not a part of this building descriptor. See Shading of the Building Site. |
| Units | Data structure: opening shade |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions other than that the inputs must match the construction documents |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building is modeled without external shading devices. |
| Internal Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Curtains, blinds, louvers, or other devices that are applied on the room side of the glazing material. Glazing systems that use blinds between the glazing layers are also considered internal shading devices. Glass coatings or components or treatments of the glazing materials are addressed through the Fenestration Construction building descriptor. |
| Units | Data structure |
| Input Restrictions | Internal shading shall not be modeled in the proposed design, unless it is automatically controlled, based on input from an astronomical timeclock, an exterior pyronometer, or other sensors. The control algorithm shall be documented on the construction documents. Interior shades without automatic controls shall not be modeled. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building shall be modeled without interior shades. |
Note that fenestration includes windows, doors that have more than 50% glazed area, and skylights. A skylight is fenestration that has a tilt of less than 60° from horizontal.
| Fenestration Name | |
| Applicability | All fenestration, optional input |
|---|---|
| Definition | A unique name or code that relates the fenestration to the design documents and a parent surface. |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions |
| Baseline Rules | Not applicable |
| Fenestration Type (Vertical Fenestration) | |
| Applicability | All vertical fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of vertical fenestration that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units |
List (ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007): Nonmetal framing (all); metal framing (curtainwall/storefront); metal framing (entrance door); or metal framing (all other) |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than that the vertical fenestration type must agree with the type specified on the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Fenestration Type (Skylights) | |
| Applicability | All skylights |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of skylights that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units | List: Glass skylight with curb; plastic skylight with curb; or skylights with no curb |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than the skylight types specified must agree with the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Fenestration Geometry | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
| Units | Data structure: opening |
| Input Restrictions | There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions: 1) exterior shading is modeled from buildings, vegetation, other objects; or 2) if daylighting is modeled within the adjacent space. |
| Baseline Rules |
The geometry of the fenestration shall be identical to the proposed design with the following exceptions:
|
| Fenestration Construction | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, SHGC and VT . Data may be specified in other ways, however, as long as the data are supported by appropriate tests. |
| Units | Data structure: fenestration construction |
| Input Restrictions | Performance information for fenestration shall be developed from NFRC test procedures or shall be taken from the default values in Appendix A of the baseline standard. Values entered shall be consistent with the specifications and the construction documents. |
| Baseline Rules | The requirements for vertical fenestration U factor, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, and Visible light transmission by climate zone and framing type are found in Table 6.5.7-1 and for skylight inputs in Table 6.5.7-2. In cases where there is no requirement (NR) for SHGC or VT, the baseline building shall be equal to the proposed design. |
Table 6.5.7-1: Baseline Building Criteria for Vertical Glazing for 90.1 2007 and 90.1-2010
| Building type | Fenestration Type | Climate Zone | Standard Design | ||
| U-factor | SHGC | VT | |||
| Nonresidential | Non-Metal Framing | 1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.35 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.90 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.85 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.80 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Nonresidential (Continued) | Metal Framing All Other |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.57 | ||
| Residential | Non-Metal Framing | 1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.35 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.40 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.90 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.85 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.80 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing All Other |
1 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 3 | 0.65 | 0.25 | 0.32 | ||
| 4 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 5,6 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.51 | ||
| 7,8 | 0.45 | NR | NR | ||
| Residential | Non-Metal Framing | 1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR |
| 6- 8 | 0.65 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Curtainwall/ Storefront |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR | |
| 6- 8 | 0.60 | NR | NR | ||
| Metal Framing Entrance Door |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR | |
| 6- 8 | 0.90 | NR | NR | ||
| Residential (Continued) | Metal Framing All Other |
1- 5 | 1.20 | NR | NR |
| 6- 8 | 0.65 | NR | NR | ||
Applicable to all window to wall ratios (0-40.0%)
Table 6.5.7-2: Baseline Building Criteria for Skylights
| Proposed Design | Applicable Standard | Climate Zone | % of Roof | Standard Design | ||
| U-factor | SHGC | VT | ||||
| Glass Skylight with Curb | 90.1 – 2001 & 90.1 - 2007 |
1,2 | 0-2.0% | 1.98 | 0.36 | 0.46 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.98 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (A,B) - (all climate zone 3 for 2007) | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.39 | 0.50 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (C) (2001 only) |
0-2.0% | 1.98 | 0.61 | 0.77 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.98 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 4,5 | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 6 | 0-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 1.17 | 0.68 | 0.68 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.17 | 0.64 | 0.64 | |||
| 8 | 0-2.0% | 0.98 | 0.55 | 0.63 | ||
| Plastic Skylight with Curb | 90.1 - 2001 & 90.1 - 2007 |
1 | 0-2.0% | 1.90 | 0.34 | 0.41 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.90 | 0.27 | 0.32 | |||
| 2 | 0-2.0% | 1.90 | 0.39 | 0.47 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.90 | 0.34 | 0.41 | |||
| 3,4 | 0-2.0% | 1.30 | 0.65 | 0.78 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.30 | 0.34 | 0.41 | |||
| 5 | 0-2.0% | 1.10 | 0.77 | 0.92 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.10 | 0.62 | 0.74 | |||
| 6 | 0-2.0% | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.85 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.87 | 0.58 | 0.70 | |||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.92 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.85 | |||
| 8 | 0-2.0% | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.64 | ||
| Skylight without Curb | 90.1 – 2001 & 90.1 – 2007 |
1,2 | 0-2.0% | 1.36 | 0.36 | 0.46 |
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.36 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (A,B) - (all climate zone 3 for 2007) | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.39 | 0.50 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |||
| 3 (C) (2001 only) |
0-2.0% | 1.36 | 0.61 | 0.77 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 1.36 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 4,5 | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.39 | 0.50 | |||
| 6 | 0-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.62 | ||
| 7 | 0-2.0% | 0.69 | 0.68 | 0.68 | ||
| 2.1-5.0% | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.64 | |||
| 8 | 0-5.0% | 0.58 | 0.55 | 0.63 | ||
| External Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Devices or building features, such as overhangs, fins, shading screens, and setbacks of windows from the exterior face of the wall, that are documented on the construction documents and shade the glazing. Objects that shade the building but that are not part of the building and parts of the building that cause the building to shade itself are also modeled, but are not a part of this building descriptor. See Shading of the Building Site. |
| Units | Data structure: opening shade |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions other than that the inputs must match the construction documents |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building is modeled without external shading devices. |
| Internal Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Curtains, blinds, louvers, or other devices that are applied on the room side of the glazing material. Glazing systems that use blinds between the glazing layers are also considered internal shading devices. Glass coatings or components or treatments of the glazing materials are addressed through the Fenestration Construction building descriptor. |
| Units | Data structure |
| Input Restrictions | Internal shading shall not be modeled in the proposed design, unless it is automatically controlled, based on input from an astronomical timeclock, an exterior pyronometer, or other sensors. The control algorithm shall be documented on the construction documents. Interior shades without automatic controls shall not be modeled. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building shall be modeled without interior shades. |
Note that fenestration includes windows, doors that have more than 50% glazed area, and skylights. A skylight is fenestration that has a tilt of less than 60° from horizontal.
|
Fenestration Name |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All fenestration, optional input |
|
Definition |
A unique name or code that relates the fenestration to the design documents and a parent surface. |
|
Units |
Text, unique |
|
Input Restrictions |
No restrictions |
|
Baseline Rules |
Not applicable |
|
Fenestration Type (Vertical Fenestration) |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All vertical fenestration, optional input |
|
Definition |
This is a classification of vertical fenestration that determines the prescriptive thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. It is not used for performance calculations. |
|
Units |
List (ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013): Nonmetal framing (all); metal framing (curtainwall/storefront); metal framing (entrance door); or metal framing (all other) |
|
Input Restrictions |
No restrictions, other than that the vertical fenestration type must agree with the type specified on the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
|
Baseline Rules |
The performance of the baseline building fenestration is specified independent of this input. |
|
Fenestration Type (Skylights) |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All skylights, optional input |
|
Definition |
This is a classification of skylights that determines the prescriptive thermal performance and solar performance requirement for skylights. It is not used for performance calculations. |
|
Units |
List: Glass skylight with curb; plastic skylight with curb; or skylights with no curb |
|
Input Restrictions |
No restrictions, other than the skylight types specified must agree with the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
|
Baseline Rules |
Skylights in the baseline building are specified independent of this input. All skylights in the baseline building are assumed to be “skylights with no curb”. |
|
Vertical Fenestration Geometry |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All vertical fenestration |
|
Definition |
Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
|
Units |
Data structure: opening |
|
Input Restrictions |
There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions: 1) exterior shading is modeled from buildings, vegetation, other objects; or 2) if daylighting is modeled within the adjacent space. |
|
Baseline Rules |
The geometry of the vertical fenestration shall be similar to the proposed design but each fenestration shall be increased or reduced in size in proportion to the proposed design size such that the overall fenestration area as a percentage of the above-grade exterior wall area is equal to the values in Table 3.5.7x. |
Table 3.5.7-1: Baseline Building Vertical Fenestration Area
|
Building Area Typesa |
Baseline Building Gross Above-Grade-Wall Area |
|
Grocery Store |
7% |
|
Healthcare (outpatient) |
21% |
|
Hospital |
27% |
|
Hotel/motel (≤75 rooms) |
24% |
|
Hotel/motel (>75 rooms) |
34% |
|
Office (≤5000 ft2) |
19% |
|
Office (5000 to 50,000 ft2) |
31% |
|
Office (>50,000 ft2) |
40% |
|
Restaurant (quick service) |
34% |
|
Restaurant (full service) |
24% |
|
Retail (stand alone) |
11% |
|
Retail (strip mall) |
20% |
|
School (primary) |
22% |
|
School (secondary and university) |
22% |
|
Warehouse (nonrefrigerated) |
6% |
|
a. In cases where both a general building area type and a specific building area type are listed, the specific building area type shall apply. |
|
|
Horizontal Fenestration (Skylight) Geometry |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All horizontal fenestration (skylights) |
|
Definition |
Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
|
Units |
Data structure: opening |
|
Input Restrictions |
There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions: 1) exterior shading is modeled from buildings, vegetation, other objects; or 2) if daylighting is modeled within the adjacent space. |
|
Baseline Rules |
The geometry of the vertical fenestration shall be equal to the proposed design unless the gross area of skylights in the building exceeds 5% of the gross roof area. When this case exists, the dimensions of each skylight shall be reduced in size such that the skylight area in the proposed design is equal to 5% of the gross roof area. |
|
Fenestration Construction |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All fenestration |
|
Definition |
A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, SHGC and VT . Data may be specified in other ways, however, as long as the data are supported by appropriate tests. |
|
Units |
Data structure: fenestration construction |
|
Input Restrictions |
Performance information for fenestration shall be developed from NFRC test procedures or shall be taken from the default values in Appendix A of the baseline standard. Values entered shall be consistent with the specifications and the construction documents. Dynamic glazing shall be modeled in the proposed design. If the dynamic is controlled automatically, the modeled value of SHGC and VT shall be the average of the minimum and maximum values. |
|
Baseline Rules |
The requirements for vertical fenestration U factor, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, and Visible light transmission by climate zone are found in Table 3.5.7-1 and for skylight inputs in Table 3.5.7-2. In cases where there is no requirement (NR) for SHGC or VT, the baseline building shall be modeled with an SHGC of 0.40 for all vertical fenestration and 0.55 for skylights. VT is not relevant for the baseline building since daylighting is not modeled. |
Table 3.5.7-2: U-factor Criteria for Vertical and Horizontal Fenestration
|
Climate Zone |
Nonresidential |
Residential |
Semi-Heated |
|||
|
Vertical |
Horizontal |
Vertical |
Horizontal |
Vertical |
Horizontal |
|
|
1 |
1.22 |
1.36 |
1.22 |
1.36 |
1.22 |
1.36 |
|
2 |
||||||
|
3 |
0.57 |
0.69 |
0.57 |
0.69 |
||
|
4 |
||||||
|
5 |
||||||
|
6 |
||||||
|
7 |
0.69 |
|||||
|
8 |
0.46 |
0.58 |
0.46 |
0.58 |
0.81 |
|
Table 3.5.7-3: SHGC Criteria for Vertical Fenestration
|
Climate Zone |
Nonresidential |
Residential |
Semi-Heated |
||||||
|
0-10% |
10.1-20% |
20.1-30% |
30.1-40% |
0-10% |
10.1-20% |
20.1-30% |
30.1-40% |
0-10% |
|
|
1 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
NR |
|
2 |
0.39 |
NR |
|||||||
|
3 |
0.39 |
0.39 |
NR |
||||||
|
4 |
0.39 |
0.39 |
0.39 |
0.39 |
0.39 |
NR |
|||
|
5 |
0.49 |
0.49 |
NR |
||||||
|
6 |
NR |
||||||||
|
7 |
0.49 |
0.49 |
0.49 |
0.49 |
0.49 |
0.49 |
NR |
||
|
8 |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
Table 3.5.7-4: SHGC Criteria for Horizontal Fenestration
|
Climate Zone |
Nonresidential |
Residential |
Semi-Heated |
|||
|
0-2% |
2.1-5% |
0-2% |
2.1-5% |
0-2% |
2.1-5% |
|
|
1 |
0.36 |
0.19 |
0.19 |
0.19 |
NR |
NR |
|
2 |
||||||
|
3 |
0.39 |
0.36 |
||||
|
4 |
0.49 |
0.39 |
||||
|
5 |
0.49 |
0.49 |
||||
|
6 |
0.49 |
|||||
|
7 |
0.68 |
0.64 |
0.64 |
0.64 |
||
|
8 |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
||
|
External Shading Devices |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All fenestration |
|
Definition |
Devices or building features, such as overhangs, fins, shading screens, and setbacks of windows from the exterior face of the wall, that are documented on the construction documents and shade the glazing. Objects that shade the building but that are not part of the building and parts of the building that cause the building to shade itself are also modeled, but are not a part of this building descriptor. See Shading of the Building Site. |
|
Units |
Data structure: opening shade |
|
Input Restrictions |
No restrictions other than that the inputs must match the construction documents |
|
Baseline Rules |
The baseline building is modeled without external shading devices. |
|
Internal Shading Devices |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All fenestration |
|
Definition |
Curtains, blinds, louvers, or other devices that are applied on the room side of the glazing material. Glazing systems that use blinds between the glazing layers are also considered internal shading devices. Glass coatings or components or treatments of the glazing materials are addressed through the Fenestration Construction building descriptor. |
|
Units |
Data structure |
|
Input Restrictions |
Manually operated interior shading devices may or may not be modeled in the proposed design, at the discretion of the energy modeler. Shading devices that are automatically controlled, based on input from an astronomical timeclock, an exterior pyronometer, or other sensors, shall be modeled. The control algorithm shall be documented on the construction documents. |
|
Baseline Rules |
If manually operated interior shading devices are modeled in the proposed design, they shall be modeled in a similar manner in the baseline building. The baseline building shall be modeled without interior shades. |
Note that fenestration includes windows, doors that have more than 50% glazed area, and skylights. A skylight is a fenestration that has a tilt of less than 60° from horizontal.
|
Fenestration Name |
|
|
Applicability |
All fenestration, optional input |
|
Definition |
A unique name or code that relates the fenestration to the design documents and a parent surface |
|
Units |
Text: unique |
|
Input Restrictions |
Not restrictions |
|
Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
|
Vertical Fenestration Geometry and Area |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Applicability |
All fenestration |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Definition |
Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt are inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between software programs. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Units |
Data structure: opening |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Input Restrictions |
As designed. The defined fenestration should match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Baseline Building |
The geometry of the vertical fenestration shall be similar to the proposed design but each fenestration shall be increased or reduced in size in proportion to the proposed design size such that the overall fenestration area as a percentage of the above-grade exterior wall area is equal to the values in Table 28. For building areas not shown in Table 28, vertical fenestration areas shall equal that in the proposed design or 40% of gross above-grade wall area, whichever is smaller, and shall be distributed on each face of the building in the same proportions in the proposed design. If the gross area of all windows (including framing) in each space conditioning category in the building exceeds the value specified in Table 28 of the gross above-grade exterior wall area for that building area type, the dimensions of each window shall be reduced such that the window to wall ration is equal to the value specified in Table 28. This reduction needs to be done by increasing the sill height until the limit is reached for each building area type. If the WWR of the proposed building design is less than the value specified in Table 28, the dimensions of each window shall be increased equally from the center of the window until a wall or partition is reached. If window area needs to be increased further, then the sill height will be reduced will the maximum WWR limit is reached.The fenestration area for an existing building shall equal the existing fenestration area prior to the proposed work and shall be distributed on each face of the building in the same proportions as the existing building. Table 28. Baseline Building Vertical Fenestration Area
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Horizontal Fenestration (Skylight) Geometry and Area |
|
|
Applicability |
All horizontal fenestration (skylights) |
|
Definition |
Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
|
Units |
Data structure: opening |
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Input Restrictions |
There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions:
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Baseline Building |
The geometry of the horizontal fenestration shall be equal to the proposed design or 3% of gross roof area, whichever is smaller. If the skylight area of the proposed design exceeds 3%, the baseline skylight area shall be decreased by an identical percentage in all roof components in which skylights are located to reach 3%. Skylight orientation as tilt shall be the same as the proposed design. |
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Fenestration Construction |
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Applicability |
All fenestration |
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Definition |
A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), and visible light transmittance (VT). U-factor and SHGC inputs are whole-window values. |
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Units |
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Input Restrictions |
The U-factor, SHGC, and VT for fenestration shall be modeled as certified and labeled in accordance with NFRC 100, 200, and 300, respectively. Unlabeled skylights shall be assigned the U-factors in Standard 90.1-2019, Normative Appendix A, Table A8.1-1 for the SHGCs and Table A8.1-2 for VTs. Unlabeled vertical fenestration, both operable and fixed, shall be assigned the U-factors, SHGCs, and VTs in Normative Appendix A, Table A8.2. |
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Baseline Building |
The requirements for vertical fenestration U factor and SHGC are specified in Table 29 and Table 30 (Standard 90.1-2019 Tables G3.4-1 to Tables G3.4-8). The visible transmittance for horizontal and vertical fenestration is specified are specified in Table 32 and Table 33 (Standard 90.1-2019 Tables G3.4-1 to Tables G3.4-8). .
Table 29. U-factor Requirement for Vertical and Horizontal Fenestration
Table 30. SHGC Requirement for Vertical Fenestration
Table 31. SHGC Requirement for Horizontal Fenestration
Table 32. VT Requirement for Vertical Fenestration
Table 33. VT Requirement for Horizontal Fenestration
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Fenestration Construction |
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Applicability |
All fenestration |
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Definition |
A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), and visible light transmittance (VT). U-factor and SHGC inputs are whole-window values. |
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Units |
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Input Restrictions |
The U-factor, SHGC, and VT for fenestration shall be modeled as certified and labeled in accordance with NFRC 100, 200, and 300, respectively. Unlabeled skylights shall be assigned the U-factors in Standard 90.1-2019, Normative Appendix A, Table A8.1-1 for the SHGCs and Table A8.1-2 for VTs. Unlabeled vertical fenestration, both operable and fixed, shall be assigned the U-factors, SHGCs, and VTs in Normative Appendix A, Table A8.2. |
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Baseline Building |
The requirements for vertical fenestration U factor and SHGC are specified in Table 29 and Table 30 (Standard 90.1-2019 Tables G3.4-1 to Tables G3.4-8). The visible transmittance for horizontal and vertical fenestration is specified are specified in Table 32 and Table 33 (Standard 90.1-2019 Tables G3.4-1 to Tables G3.4-8). .
Table 29. U-factor Requirement for Vertical and Horizontal Fenestration
Table 30. SHGC Requirement for Vertical Fenestration
Table 31. SHGC Requirement for Horizontal Fenestration
Table 32. VT Requirement for Vertical Fenestration
Table 33. VT Requirement for Horizontal Fenestration
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Internal Shading Devices |
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Applicability |
All fenestration |
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Definition |
Curtains, blinds, louvers, or other devices that are applied on the room side of the glazing material. Glazing systems that use blinds between the glazing layers are also considered internal shading devices. Glass coatings, components, or treatments of the glazing materials are addressed through the fenestration construction building descriptor. |
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Units |
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Input Restrictions |
Manual fenestration shading devices such as blinds or shades may be modeled or not, but if they are, they are required to be modeled the same in the baseline building, so that there is no credit. Automatically controlled fenestration shades or blinds may be modeled in the proposed design. |
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Baseline Building |
Manual shades or blinds shall be modeled the same as in the proposed building. Automatically controlled fenestration shades or blinds will not be modeled in the baseline building. |
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Dynamic Glazing |
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Applicability |
Fenestration with dynamic glazing |
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Definition |
Dynamic glazing can vary the SHGC and VT of the glazing in response to a signal from an energy management system, direct sunlight on the glazing, or other inputs |
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Units |
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Input Restrictions |
Dynamic glazing can be modeled for the proposed design and controlled according to sequences specified in the construction documents. If controlled manually, then the proposed model is required to use the average of the minimum and maximum SHGC and VT. |
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Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
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SHGC Dim Fraction |
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Applicability |
Fenestration with dynamic glazing |
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Definition |
For dynamic glazing, this is the fraction of the SHGC when darkened to the SHGC during normal operation. This can be applied when the solar heat gain exceeds a specified threshold, or controlled by an electrical signal. |
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Units |
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Input Restrictions |
Between 0 and 1 |
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Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
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VT Dim Fraction |
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Applicability |
Fenestration with dynamic glazing |
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Definition |
For dynamic glazing, this is the fraction of the visible transmittance when darkened to the visible transmittance during normal operation. This can be applied when the solar heat gain exceeds a specified threshold, or controlled by an electrical signal. |
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Units |
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Input Restrictions |
Between 0 and 1 |
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Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
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Dynamic Solar Heat Gain Threshold |
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Applicability |
Fenestration with automatically controlled dynamic glazing |
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Definition |
For dynamic glazing, this is the solar heat gain threshold above which the dynamic glazing is active (darkened). When the solar heat gain drops below this threshold, the glazing is switched back to being inactive (clearest setting). Indoor and outdoor air temperatures (OATs) can also be used as setpoints for controlling the switchable solar heat gain threshold. This may be used in combination with the solar heat gain and illuminance thresholds for control. A flag may be used to indicate that this control is not used. |
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Units |
Incident solar threshold (Btu/h-ft2) |
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Input Restrictions |
As designed |
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Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
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Switchable Space Temperature Threshold |
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Applicability |
Fenestration with automatically controlled dynamic glazing |
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Definition |
For dynamic glazing, this is the space temperature above which the dynamic glazing is active (darkened). When the space temperature drops below this threshold, the glazing is switched back to being inactive (clearest setting). Indoor and outdoor air temperatures are the setpoints required for controlling the dynamic solar heat gain threshold. This may be used in combination with the solar heat gain and illuminance thresholds for control. A flag may be used to indicate that this control is not used. |
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Units |
°F |
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Input Restrictions |
As designed |
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Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
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Dynamic Illuminance Threshold |
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Applicability |
Fenestration with automatically controlled dynamic glazing |
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Definition |
For dynamic glazing, this is the illuminance threshold above which the dynamic glazing is regulated between active (darkened) and inactive (clearest setting). With a single illuminance setpoint, the dynamic glazing will adjust between the clearest and darkest setting to allow the desired illuminance level. A flag may be used to indicate that this control is not used. |
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Units |
lux |
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Input Restrictions |
As designed |
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Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
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Dynamic Glazing Schedule |
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Applicability |
Fenestration with dynamic glazing controlled by an electrical signal |
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Definition |
For dynamic glazing, this is an hourly schedule for when the dynamic glazing is darkened, when controlled by an electrical signal |
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Units |
Boolean: 1 if dynamic glazing is active (darkened); 0 if not active |
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Input Restrictions |
0 or 1 for schedule values. As designed. |
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Baseline Building |
Not applicable |
Note that fenestration includes windows, doors that have more than 50% glazed area, and skylights. A skylight is fenestration that has a tilt of less than 60° from horizontal.
| Fenestration Name | |
| Applicability | All fenestration, optional input |
|---|---|
| Definition | A unique name or code that relates the fenestration to the design documents and a parent surface. |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions |
| Fenestration Type (Skylights) | |
| Applicability | All skylights |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of skylights that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units | List: Glass skylight with curb; plastic skylight with curb; or skylights with no curb |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than the skylight types specified must agree with the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Fenestration Geometry | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
| Units | Data structure: opening |
| Input Restrictions | There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions: 1) exterior shading is modeled from buildings, vegetation, other objects; or 2) if daylighting is modeled within the adjacent space. |
| Fenestration Construction | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, SHGC and VT . Data may be specified in other ways, however, as long as the data are supported by appropriate tests. |
| Units | Data structure: fenestration construction |
| Input Restrictions | Performance information for fenestration shall be developed from NFRC test procedures or shall be taken from the default values in Appendix A of the baseline standard. Values entered shall be consistent with the specifications and the construction documents. |
| External Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Devices or building features, such as overhangs, fins, shading screens, and setbacks of windows from the exterior face of the wall, that are documented on the construction documents and shade the glazing. Objects that shade the building but that are not part of the building and parts of the building that cause the building to shade itself are also modeled, but are not a part of this building descriptor. See Shading of the Building Site. |
| Units | Data structure: opening shade |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions other than that the inputs must match the construction documents |
| Internal Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Curtains, blinds, louvers, or other devices that are applied on the room side of the glazing material. Glazing systems that use blinds between the glazing layers are also considered internal shading devices. Glass coatings or components or treatments of the glazing materials are addressed through the Fenestration Construction building descriptor. |
| Units | Data structure |
| Input Restrictions | Internal shading shall not be modeled in the proposed design, unless it is automatically controlled, based on input from an astronomical timeclock, an exterior pyronometer, or other sensors. The control algorithm shall be documented on the construction documents. Interior shades without automatic controls shall not be modeled. |
Note that fenestration includes windows, doors that have more than 50% glazed area, and skylights. A skylight is fenestration that has a tilt of less than 60° from horizontal.
| Fenestration Name | |
| Applicability | All fenestration, optional input |
|---|---|
| Definition | A unique name or code that relates the fenestration to the design documents and a parent surface. |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions |
| Fenestration Type (Skylights) | |
| Applicability | All skylights |
|---|---|
| Definition | This is a classification of skylights that determines the thermal performance and solar performance requirement for vertical fenestration. |
| Units | List: Glass skylight with curb; plastic skylight with curb; or skylights with no curb |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions, other than the skylight types specified must agree with the construction documents or the as-built drawings. |
| Fenestration Geometry | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Fenestration geometry defines the position and dimensions of the fenestration surface within its parent surface and the identification of the parent surface. The orientation and tilt is inherited from the parent surface. The details of how the coordinate system is implemented may vary between rating software programs. |
| Units | Data structure: opening |
| Input Restrictions | There are no restrictions, other than a match with the construction drawings or as-built drawings. Specification of the fenestration position within its parent surface is required for the following conditions: 1) exterior shading is modeled from buildings, vegetation, other objects; or 2) if daylighting is modeled within the adjacent space. |
| Fenestration Construction | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | A collection of values that together describe the performance of a fenestration system. The values that are used to specify the criteria are U-factor, SHGC and VT . Data may be specified in other ways, however, as long as the data are supported by appropriate tests. |
| Units | Data structure: fenestration construction |
| Input Restrictions | Performance information for fenestration shall be developed from NFRC test procedures or shall be taken from the default values in Appendix A of the baseline standard. Values entered shall be consistent with the specifications and the construction documents. |
| External Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Devices or building features, such as overhangs, fins, shading screens, and setbacks of windows from the exterior face of the wall, that are documented on the construction documents and shade the glazing. Objects that shade the building but that are not part of the building and parts of the building that cause the building to shade itself are also modeled, but are not a part of this building descriptor. See Shading of the Building Site. |
| Units | Data structure: opening shade |
| Input Restrictions | No restrictions other than that the inputs must match the construction documents |
| Internal Shading Devices | |
| Applicability | All fenestration |
|---|---|
| Definition | Curtains, blinds, louvers, or other devices that are applied on the room side of the glazing material. Glazing systems that use blinds between the glazing layers are also considered internal shading devices. Glass coatings or components or treatments of the glazing materials are addressed through the Fenestration Construction building descriptor. |
| Units | Data structure |
| Input Restrictions | Internal shading shall not be modeled in the proposed design, unless it is automatically controlled, based on input from an astronomical timeclock, an exterior pyronometer, or other sensors. The control algorithm shall be documented on the construction documents. Interior shades without automatic controls shall not be modeled. |