All exterior lighting applications shall be included in the model when the purpose is for green building ratings or Design to Earn ENERGY STAR. Exterior lighting is an optional input for the purpose of tax deductions. If an exterior lighting application is not connected to the building electricity meter, then it should not be included, e.g. street lighting or common area lighting.
The building descriptors that are described in this section apply separately to each lighting application; input for each building descriptor is provided for parking lot lighting, façade lighting, entry lighting, etc. Each lighting application is modeled as a separate system. Exterior lighting applications affect the electric load of the building but do not produce heat that would need to be removed by the building’s cooling system.
With ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007, exterior lighting applications are grouped as tradable or non-tradable. Non-tradable lighting applications are use-it-or-lose-it categories such that the allowed power is the lesser of the power used for the proposed design or the allowed power.
- Tradable applications include uncovered parking areas, building grounds, building entrances and exits, canopies and overhangs, and outdoor sales areas. Thus, the allowed lighting power density of these applications is multiplied by the associated area or length to yield the baseline power.
- Non-tradable applications can only be used for the specific application and cannot be traded between applications or with other non-tradable applications such as building façades, automated teller machines, guardhouses, loading for law enforcement, drive through windows, or parking near retail. The allotment is in a use-it-or-lose-it format. Thus, the baseline power for these applications is the lesser of the wattage input for these applications or the product of the lighting power density for these applications and the area/length of these applications.
| Exterior Lighting Name | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | A name for the lighting system |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | The name should be descriptive and provide a link to the construction documents. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building should have a corresponding exterior lighting system that maps to the one in the proposed design. The name should be similar. |
| Exterior Lighting Category | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
A classification of each exterior lighting system from Table 9.4.5 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 or Table 9.3.2 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001. This classification will determine the lighting power for the baseline building (see below). The lighting category establishes if the exterior lighting application is tradable or non-tradable under ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007. Credit is offered for power reductions for tradable lighting applications, but not for non-tradable lighting applications. The baseline standard and the associated User's Manual should be consulted for how to classify exterior lighting applications, however main entries shall provide access to the general public and shall not be used exclusively for staff or service personnel.”1 A couple of other clarifications are as follows: Bikeways – treated as walkways Outdoor dining – treated as plaza areas One of the categories offered by the software should be “Lighting that is specifically designated as required by a health or life safety statute, ordinance, or regulation.” This lighting is specifically excluded by the baseline standards such that the baseline building lighting power is the same as the proposed design. |
| Units | List (from Table 9.4.5 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007) (from Table 9.3.2 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001) |
| Input Restrictions | The classification should accurately match the exterior lighting application in the rated building. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Exterior Lighting Area or Length | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
Each exterior lighting system application (see above) has an area or length associated with it. This area or length is a factor in determining the baseline building lighting power (see below). The following rules should be taken into account when calculating length or area:
|
| Units | ft² or ft |
| Input Restrictions | The area of the exterior lighting application should be determined using the rules in the baseline standard and the associated User's Manual. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Exterior Lighting Power | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The power used for the exterior lighting application. This power should include the lamp as well as the ballast. |
| Units | W or W/ft² |
| Input Restrictions | The lighting power should match the construction documents or the existing building being rated. |
| Baseline Rules |
The exterior lighting power for the baseline building is determined from the product of the exterior lighting area or length and the allowed power for the exterior lighting category. The allowed power is determined from Table 9.4.5 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 or Table 9.3.2 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001. For non-tradable exterior lighting applications, the baseline building lighting power is the lesser of the lighting power for the proposed design application or the allowed power determined above. |
| Exterior Lighting Control | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
The means of controlling exterior lighting systems. The baseline standards required both daylight control and scheduling (e.g. a photocell and a standard time clock or an astronomical time clock). Additional controls could include: |
| Units | List (see above) along with an associated power adjustment factor (PAF) or schedule adjustment |
| Input Restrictions | As designed. Documentation should be provided for lighting controls other than standard and evidence should be provided to support the reduction in lighting power (PAF) or the modification to the schedule. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building shall have standard lighting controls, e.g. a photocell and standard time clock. No adjustment is made to either the baseline building exterior lighting power or the schedule |
| Exterior Lighting Schedule | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The exterior lighting schedule describes the fraction of installed connected lighting power that is operating for any given hour. The lighting schedule is a matrix of fractional values for each hour of the day and by day of week. |
| Units | Data structure: schedule, fractional. |
| Input Restrictions |
The default exterior lighting schedule shall be from dusk until 1 hour after the indoor lighting schedule drops below emergency lighting level (i.e. below 15%). Custom schedules may be created for atypical operating hours for exterior lighting systems. Each lighting system may operate on its own schedule. The default schedule shall be used when detailed information is unavailable. The schedule may be modified when qualifying lighting controls are installed (see above). |
| Baseline Rules | The schedule for the baseline building shall be the same as the proposed design unless the proposed design schedule is adjusted for qualifying lighting controls, in which case the unadjusted schedule is used for the baseline building. |
- 1From CA T-24-2008 Table 147B
- 22005 T-24 T-24-2005 §147(c)1A
- 3A PG&E study of bi-level motion sensing lighting controls for an outdoor parking lot found that the lights operated at low output for 45% of the evening hours. Pacific Gas and Electric Company Bi-Level LED Parking Lot Lighting: Raley’s Supermarket West Sacramento, CA: February 2009 Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0815 http://www.etcc-ca.com/images/stories/final20emerging20technology20report20for20led20parking20lot20lighting1.pdf
- 4For bi-level scheduling controls, one could turn off a fraction of the lights after interior lighting schedule dropped below 50% to indicate reduced lighting for after normal business hours or if parking lot lighting is within scope, reduced parking area that is illuminated during stocking, and other reduced activity periods.
All exterior lighting applications shall be included in the model when the purpose is for green building ratings or Design to Earn ENERGY STAR. If an exterior lighting application is not connected to the building electricity meter, then it should not be included, e.g. street lighting or common area lighting.
The building descriptors that are described in this section apply separately to each lighting application; input for each building descriptor is provided for parking lot lighting, façade lighting, entry lighting, etc. Each lighting application is modeled as a separate system. Exterior lighting applications affect the electric load of the building but do not produce heat that would need to be removed by the building’s cooling system.
With ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007, exterior lighting applications are grouped as tradable or non-tradable. Non-tradable lighting applications are use-it-or-lose-it categories such that the allowed power is the lesser of the power used for the proposed design or the allowed power.
- Tradable applications include uncovered parking areas, building grounds, building entrances and exits, canopies and overhangs, and outdoor sales areas. Thus, the allowed lighting power density of these applications is multiplied by the associated area or length to yield the baseline power.
- Non-tradable applications can only be used for the specific application and cannot be traded between applications or with other non-tradable applications such as building façades, automated teller machines, guardhouses, loading for law enforcement, drive through windows, or parking near retail. The allotment is in a use-it-or-lose-it format. Thus, the baseline power for these applications is the lesser of the wattage input for these applications or the product of the lighting power density for these applications and the area/length of these applications.
| Exterior Lighting Name | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | A name for the lighting system |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | The name should be descriptive and provide a link to the construction documents. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building should have a corresponding exterior lighting system that maps to the one in the proposed design. The name should be similar. |
| Exterior Lighting Category | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
A classification of each exterior lighting system from Table 9.4.5 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007. This classification will determine the lighting power for the baseline building (see below). The lighting category establishes if the exterior lighting application is tradable or non-tradable under ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007. Credit is offered for power reductions for tradable lighting applications, but not for non-tradable lighting applications. The baseline standard and the associated User's Manual should be consulted for how to classify exterior lighting applications, however main entries shall provide access to the general public and shall not be used exclusively for staff or service personnel.”1 A couple of other clarifications are as follows:
One of the categories offered by the software should be “Lighting that is specifically designated as required by a health or life safety statute, ordinance, or regulation.” This lighting is specifically excluded by the baseline standards such that the baseline building lighting power is the same as the proposed design. |
| Units | List (from Table 9.4.5 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007) |
| Input Restrictions | The classification should accurately match the exterior lighting application in the rated building. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Exterior Lighting Area or Length | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
Each exterior lighting system application (see above) has an area or length associated with it. This area or length is a factor in determining the baseline building lighting power (see below). The following rules should be taken into account when calculating length or area:
|
| Units | ft² or ft |
| Input Restrictions | The area of the exterior lighting application should be determined using the rules in the baseline standard and the associated User's Manual. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Exterior Lighting Power | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The power used for the exterior lighting application. This power should include the lamp as well as the ballast. |
| Units | W or W/ft² |
| Input Restrictions | The lighting power should match the construction documents or the existing building being rated. |
| Baseline Rules |
The exterior lighting power for the baseline building is determined from the product of the exterior lighting area or length and the allowed power for the exterior lighting category. The allowed power is determined from Table 9.4.5 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007. For non-tradable exterior lighting applications, the baseline building lighting power is the lesser of the lighting power for the proposed design application or the allowed power determined above. |
| Exterior Lighting Control | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
The means of controlling exterior lighting systems. The baseline standards required both daylight control and scheduling (e.g. a photocell and a standard time clock or an astronomical time clock). Additional controls could include: |
| Units | List (see above) along with an associated power adjustment factor (PAF) or schedule adjustment |
| Input Restrictions | As designed. Documentation should be provided for lighting controls other than standard and evidence should be provided to support the reduction in lighting power (PAF) or the modification to the schedule. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building shall have standard lighting controls, e.g. a photocell and standard time clock. No adjustment is made to either the baseline building exterior lighting power or the schedule |
| Exterior Lighting Schedule | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The exterior lighting schedule describes the fraction of installed connected lighting power that is operating for any given hour. The lighting schedule is a matrix of fractional values for each hour of the day and by day of week. |
| Units | Data structure: schedule, fractional. |
| Input Restrictions |
The default exterior lighting schedule shall be from dusk until 1 hour after the indoor lighting schedule drops below emergency lighting level (i.e. below 15%). Custom schedules may be created for atypical operating hours for exterior lighting systems. Each lighting system may operate on its own schedule. The default schedule shall be used when detailed information is unavailable. The schedule may be modified when qualifying lighting controls are installed (see above). |
| Baseline Rules | The schedule for the baseline building shall be the same as the proposed design unless the proposed design schedule is adjusted for qualifying lighting controls, in which case the unadjusted schedule is used for the baseline building. |
- 1From CA T-24-2008 Table 147B
- 22005 T-24 T-24-2005 §147(c)1A
- 3A PG&E study of bi-level motion sensing lighting controls for an outdoor parking lot found that the lights operated at low output for 45% of the evening hours. Pacific Gas and Electric Company Bi-Level LED Parking Lot Lighting: Raley’s Supermarket West Sacramento, CA: February 2009 Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0815 http://www.etcc-ca.com/images/stories/final20emerging20technology20report20for20led20parking20lot20lighting1.pdf
- 4For bi-level scheduling controls, one could turn off a fraction of the lights after interior lighting schedule dropped below 50% to indicate reduced lighting for after normal business hours or if parking lot lighting is within scope, reduced parking area that is illuminated during stocking, and other reduced activity periods.
All exterior lighting applications shall be included in the model when the purpose is for green building ratings or Design to Earn ENERGY STAR. If an exterior lighting application is not connected to the building electricity meter, then it should not be included, e.g. street lighting or common area lighting.
The building descriptors that are described in this section apply separately to each lighting application; input for each building descriptor is provided for parking lot lighting, façade lighting, entry lighting, etc. Each lighting application is modeled as a separate system. Exterior lighting applications affect the electric load of the building but do not produce heat that would need to be removed by the building’s cooling system.
With ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007, exterior lighting applications are grouped as tradable or non-tradable. Non-tradable lighting applications are use-it-or-lose-it categories such that the allowed power is the lesser of the power used for the proposed design or the allowed power.
- Tradable applications include uncovered parking areas, building grounds, building entrances and exits, canopies and overhangs, and outdoor sales areas. Thus, the allowed lighting power density of these applications is multiplied by the associated area or length to yield the baseline power.
- Non-tradable applications can only be used for the specific application and cannot be traded between applications or with other non-tradable applications such as building façades, automated teller machines, guardhouses, loading for law enforcement, drive through windows, or parking near retail. The allotment is in a use-it-or-lose-it format. Thus, the baseline power for these applications is the lesser of the wattage input for these applications or the product of the lighting power density for these applications and the area/length of these applications.
| Exterior Lighting Name | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | A name for the lighting system |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | The name should be descriptive and provide a link to the construction documents. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building should have a corresponding exterior lighting system that maps to the one in the proposed design. The name should be similar. |
| Exterior Lighting Category | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
A classification of each exterior lighting system from Table 9.4.5 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007. This classification will determine the lighting power for the baseline building (see below). The lighting category establishes if the exterior lighting application is tradable or non-tradable under ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007. Credit is offered for power reductions for tradable lighting applications, but not for non-tradable lighting applications. The baseline standard and the associated User's Manual should be consulted for how to classify exterior lighting applications, however main entries shall provide access to the general public and shall not be used exclusively for staff or service personnel.”1 A couple of other clarifications are as follows:
One of the categories offered by the software should be “Lighting that is specifically designated as required by a health or life safety statute, ordinance, or regulation.” This lighting is specifically excluded by the baseline standards such that the baseline building lighting power is the same as the proposed design. |
| Units | List (from Table 9.4.5 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007) |
| Input Restrictions | The classification should accurately match the exterior lighting application in the rated building. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Exterior Lighting Area or Length | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
Each exterior lighting system application (see above) has an area or length associated with it. This area or length is a factor in determining the baseline building lighting power (see below). The following rules should be taken into account when calculating length or area:
|
| Units | ft² or ft |
| Input Restrictions | The area of the exterior lighting application should be determined using the rules in the baseline standard and the associated User's Manual. |
| Baseline Rules | Same as the proposed design |
| Exterior Lighting Power | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The power used for the exterior lighting application. This power should include the lamp as well as the ballast. |
| Units | W or W/ft² |
| Input Restrictions | The lighting power should match the construction documents or the existing building being rated. |
| Baseline Rules |
The exterior lighting power for the baseline building is determined from the product of the exterior lighting area or length and the allowed power for the exterior lighting category. The allowed power is determined from Table 9.4.5 in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007. For non-tradable exterior lighting applications, the baseline building lighting power is the lesser of the lighting power for the proposed design application or the allowed power determined above. |
| Exterior Lighting Control | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
The means of controlling exterior lighting systems. The baseline standards required both daylight control and scheduling (e.g. a photocell and a standard time clock or an astronomical time clock). Additional controls could include: |
| Units | List (see above) along with an associated power adjustment factor (PAF) or schedule adjustment |
| Input Restrictions | As designed. Documentation should be provided for lighting controls other than standard and evidence should be provided to support the reduction in lighting power (PAF) or the modification to the schedule. |
| Baseline Rules | The baseline building shall have standard lighting controls, e.g. a photocell and standard time clock. No adjustment is made to either the baseline building exterior lighting power or the schedule |
| Exterior Lighting Schedule | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The exterior lighting schedule describes the fraction of installed connected lighting power that is operating for any given hour. The lighting schedule is a matrix of fractional values for each hour of the day and by day of week. |
| Units | Data structure: schedule, fractional. |
| Input Restrictions |
The default exterior lighting schedule shall be from dusk until 1 hour after the indoor lighting schedule drops below emergency lighting level (i.e. below 15%). Custom schedules may be created for atypical operating hours for exterior lighting systems. Each lighting system may operate on its own schedule. The default schedule shall be used when detailed information is unavailable. The schedule may be modified when qualifying lighting controls are installed (see above). |
| Baseline Rules | The schedule for the baseline building shall be the same as the proposed design unless the proposed design schedule is adjusted for qualifying lighting controls, in which case the unadjusted schedule is used for the baseline building. |
- 1From CA T-24-2008 Table 147B
- 22005 T-24 T-24-2005 §147(c)1A
- 3A PG&E study of bi-level motion sensing lighting controls for an outdoor parking lot found that the lights operated at low output for 45% of the evening hours. Pacific Gas and Electric Company Bi-Level LED Parking Lot Lighting: Raley’s Supermarket West Sacramento, CA: February 2009 Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0815 http://www.etcc-ca.com/images/stories/final20emerging20technology20report20for20led20parking20lot20lighting1.pdf
- 4For bi-level scheduling controls, one could turn off a fraction of the lights after interior lighting schedule dropped below 50% to indicate reduced lighting for after normal business hours or if parking lot lighting is within scope, reduced parking area that is illuminated during stocking, and other reduced activity periods.
All exterior lighting applications shall be included in the model. If an exterior lighting applications not connected to the building electricity meter should not be included, e.g. street lighting or common area lighting.
The building descriptors that are described in this section apply separately to each lighting application; input for each building descriptor is provided for parking lot lighting, façade lighting, entry lighting, etc. Each lighting application is modeled as a separate system. Exterior lighting applications affect the electric load of the building but do not produce heat that would need to be removed by the building’s cooling system.
Exterior lighting applications are grouped as tradable or non-tradable. Non-tradable lighting applications are use-it-or-lose-it categories such that the allowed power is the lesser of the power used for the proposed design or the allowed power.
- Tradable applications include uncovered parking areas, building grounds, building entrances and exits, canopies and overhangs, and outdoor sales areas. Thus, the allowed lighting power density of these applications is multiplied by the associated area or length to yield the baseline power.
- Non-tradable applications can only be used for the specific application and cannot be traded between applications or with other non-tradable applications such as building façades, automated teller machines, guardhouses, loading for law enforcement, drive through windows, or parking near 24-hour retail. The allotment is in a use-it-or-lose-it format. Thus, the baseline power for these applications is the esser of the wattage input for these applications or the product of the lighting power density for these applications and the area/length of these applications.
|
Exterior Lighting Name |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
A name for the lighting system |
|
Units |
Text, unique |
|
Input Restrictions |
The name should be descriptive and provide a link to the construction documents. |
|
Baseline Rules |
The baseline building should have a corresponding exterior lighting system that maps to the one in the proposed design. The name should be similar. |
|
Exterior Lighting Zones |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
Five lighting zones are used in many standards for determining exterior lighting power allowance, but they are not applicable for the 90.1-2016 performance rating method. The zones are: a. Zone 0 - Undeveloped areas within national parks, state parks, forest land, rural areas b. Zone 1 - Developed areas of national parks, state parks, forest land, and rural areas c. Zone 2 - Areas predominantly consisting of residential zoning, neighborhood business districts, light industrial with limited nighttime use, and residential mixed use areas d. Zone 3 - All other areas e. Zone 4 - High activity commercial districts in major metropolitan areas as designated by the local jurisdiction |
|
Units |
List (see above) |
|
Input Restrictions |
Not applicable. |
|
Baseline Rules |
Not applicable. |
|
Exterior Lighting Category |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
A classification of each exterior lighting system from Table G3.6 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2016. This classification determines the lighting power for the baseline exterior lighting system. The lighting category also establishes if the exterior lighting application is tradable or non-tradable. Credit is offered for power reductions for tradable lighting applications, but not for non-tradable lighting applications. |
|
Units |
List (from Table G3.6 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2016) |
|
Input Restrictions |
The classification should accurately match the exterior lighting application in the rated building. |
|
Baseline Rules |
Same as the proposed design |
|
Exterior Lighting Area or Length |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
Each exterior lighting category (see above) has an area or length associated with it. This area or length is a factor in determining the baseline building lighting power. The following rules should be taken into account when calculating length or area:
|
|
Units |
ft² or ft |
|
Input Restrictions |
The area of the exterior lighting application should be determined using the rules above. |
|
Baseline Rules |
Same as the proposed design |
|
Exterior Lighting Power |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
The power used for the exterior lighting application. This power should include the lamp as well as the ballast. For the proposed building, this is referred to as the exterior installed lighting power (EILP), for the baseline building, this is referred to as the exterior lighting power allowance (ELPA). |
|
Units |
W or W/ft² |
|
Input Restrictions |
As designed. The EILP for the proposed design is determined by totaling the installed exterior lighting power for all proposed exterior luminaires that are not exempt from the exterior lighting requirements. (Refer to the section below for a list of exempt exterior lighting applications.) |
|
Baseline Rules |
The ELPA for all exterior building applications is the sum of the base site allowance plus the individual allowances for areas that are designed to be illuminated. NOTE: Automated software should display a warning if the ELPA is more than twice the EILP. The ELPA is determined from the product of the exterior lighting area or length and the allowed power for the exterior lighting category. The allowed power is determined from Table 3.9.2-1 For non-tradable exterior lighting applications, the baseline building lighting power is the lesser of the lighting power for the proposed design application or the allowed power determined by these procedures. For tradeable exterior lighting applications, the lighting power shall be equal to the allowance in Table 3.9.2-1. |
Table 3.9.2-1: Exterior Lighting Allowances
|
Exterior Lighting Category |
Power Allowance (all lighting zones) |
||
|
Tradable |
|
|
|
|
Uncovered Parking Areas |
Parking lots and drives |
0.15 W/ft² |
|
|
Building Grounds |
Walkways less than 10 ft wide |
1.0 W/ft |
|
|
Walkways 10 ft wide or greater and Plaza areas |
0.2 W/ft² |
||
|
Special feature areas and Stairways |
1.0 W/ft |
||
|
Building Entrances and Exits |
Main entries |
30 W/ft of door width |
|
|
Other doors |
20 W/ft of door width |
||
|
Canopies and Overhangs |
Canopies (free standing and attached and overhangs) |
1.25 W/ft² |
|
|
Outdoor Sales |
Open areas (including vehicle sales lots) |
0.5 W/ft² |
|
|
Street frontage for vehicle sales lots in addition to open-area allowance |
20 W/ft |
||
|
Nontradable |
|
||
|
Building Facades |
0.2 W/ft² for each illuminated wall or surface or 5.0 W/ft for each illuminated wall or surface length |
||
|
Automated teller machines (ATMs) and night depositories |
270 W per location plus 90 W per additional ATM per location |
||
|
270 W per location plus 90 W per additional ATM per location |
1.25 W/ft2 of uncovered area (covered areas are included in the “Canopies and Overhangs” section of “Tradable Surfaces”) |
||
|
Loading areas for law enforcement, fire, ambulance and other emergency service vehicles |
0.5 W/ft2 of uncovered area (covered areas are included in the “Canopies and Overhangs” section of “Tradable Surfaces”) |
||
|
Drive-up windows at fast food restaurants |
400 W per drive-through |
||
|
Parking near 24-hour retail entrances |
800 W per main entry |
||
|
Non-Regulated Exterior Lighting Power Allowance |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
Lighting used for the following exterior applications is exempt when equipped with a control device that complies with the requirements for exterior lighting control and is independent of the control of the nonexempt lighting. These are not required to be included in the total calculated exterior lighting power allowance. a. Specialized signal, directional, and marker lighting associated with transportation b. Advertising signage or directional signage c. Lighting integral to equipment or instrumentation and installed by its manufacturer d. Lighting for theatrical purposes, including performance, stage, film production, and video production e. Lighting for athletic playing areas f. Temporary lighting g. Lighting for industrial production, material handling, transportation sites, and associated storage areas h. Theme elements in theme/amusement parks i. Lighting used to highlight features of public monuments and registered historic landmark structures or buildings j. Lighting for hazardous locations k. Lighting for swimming pools and water features l. Searchlights |
|
Units |
W/ft² or watts |
|
Input Restrictions |
As designed. The exceptions to exterior lighting power allowance should be cross-referenced to the type of exception and to the construction documents. |
|
Baseline Rules |
Same as proposed design |
|
Exterior Lighting Schedule |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
The exterior lighting schedule describes the fraction of installed connected lighting power that is operating for any given hour. The lighting schedule is a matrix of fractional values for each hour of the day and by day of week. |
|
Units |
Data structure: schedule, fractional. |
|
Input Restrictions |
The default exterior lighting schedule shall be from dusk until 1 hour after the indoor lighting schedule drops below emergency lighting level (i.e. below 15%). Custom schedules may be created for atypical operating hours for exterior lighting systems. Each lighting system may operate on its own schedule. The default schedule shall be used when detailed information is unavailable. The schedule may be modified when qualifying lighting controls are installed (see above). |
|
Baseline Rules |
The schedule for the baseline building shall be the same as the proposed design. However, with approval of the rating authority, variations of the power requirements, schedules, or control sequences of the exterior lighting modeled in the baseline building from those in the proposed design shall be allowed by the rating authority based upon documentation that the exterior lighting installed in the proposed design represents a significant verifiable departure from documented conventional practice. The burden of this documentation is to demonstrate that accepted conventional practice would result in baseline building exterior lighting different from that installed in the proposed design. If the baseline building’s exterior lighting differs from the proposed building, this input must be flagged and instructions given to provide the proper documentation. NOTE: If exterior lighting loads/schedule for the baseline building differs from the proposed design, this needs to be flagged and reported in the compliance reports. |
|
Exterior Lighting Control |
|
|---|---|
|
Applicability |
All exterior lighting systems |
|
Definition |
Exterior lighting controls are mandatory requirements for Standard 90.1-2016. Lighting for exterior applications shall meet the following requirements:
Exception: Lighting required for safety, security, or eye adaptation |
|
Units |
List: Photocell, Automatic Shut-Off, Time Switches |
|
Input Restrictions |
As designed, at a minimum meeting the above mandatory requirements |
|
Baseline Rules |
Same as proposed. However, with approval of the rating authority, variations of the power requirements, schedules, or control sequences of the exterior lighting modeled in the baseline building from those in the proposed design shall be allowed based upon documentation that the exterior lighting installed in the proposed design represents a significant verifiable departure from documented conventional practice. The burden of this documentation is to demonstrate that accepted conventional practice would result in baseline building exterior lighting different from that installed in the proposed design. If baseline building’s exterior lighting differs from the proposed building, this input must be flagged and instructions given to provide the proper documentation. NOTE: If exterior lighting loads or schedules for the baseline building differ from the proposed design, this needs to be flagged and reported in the compliance reports. |
All exterior lighting applications shall be included in the model. Exterior lighting applications not connected to the building electricity meter (e.g., street lighting or common area lighting) should not be included.
The building descriptors that are described in this section apply separately to each lighting application; input for each building descriptor is provided for parking lot lighting, façade lighting, entry lighting, and other exterior lighting applications. Each lighting application is modeled as a separate system. Exterior lighting applications affect the electric load of the building but do not produce heat that would need to be removed by the building’s cooling system.
Standard 90.1-2019 groups exterior lighting applications as tradable or non-tradable. Non-tradable lighting applications are “use-it-or-lose-it” categories such that no credit can be applied and the power is the same in the baseline and proposed..
· Tradable applications include uncovered parking areas, building grounds, building entrances and exits, canopies and overhangs, and outdoor sales areas. Thus, the allowed LPD of these applications is multiplied by the associated area or length to yield the baseline power.
· Non-tradable applications can only be used for the specific application and cannot be traded between applications or with other non-tradable applications such as building façades, automated teller machines, guard houses, loading for law enforcement, drive-through windows, or parking near retail.
Calculation of Baseline Exterior Lighting Power Allowance
The baseline building exterior lighting power allowance (ELPA) is the sum of all tradable surfaces, plus either the allowance from Table G3.6 or what is installed, whichever is smaller for all non-tradable surfaces.
· Tradable applications: Allowance for tradable surfaces is calculated in accordance to Standard 90.1-2019 Table G3.6
· Other exterior lighting applications: For exterior lighting that is not a part of Standard 90.1-2019 Table G3.6, including building facades, loading areas for emergency vehicles, entraces etc. shall be modeled the same in the baseline building design as in the proposed design.
Trade-offs are allowed for tradable surfaces only. The baseline power for these other exterior lighting applications is the same as the installed power in the proposed design
| Exterior Lighting Name | |
|---|---|
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
| Definition | A name for the lighting system |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | The name should be descriptive and provide a link to the construction documents |
| Baseline Building | The baseline building should have a corresponding exterior lighting system that maps to the one in the proposed design. The name should be similar. |
| Exterior Lighting Zones | |
|---|---|
| Applicability | All projects with exterior lighting |
| Definition |
Standard 90.1-2019 identifies five lighting zones for determining exterior lighting power allowance: a. Zone 0 - Undeveloped areas within national parks, state parks, forest land, rural areas b. Zone 1 - Developed areas of national parks, state parks, forest land, and rural areas c. Zone 2 - Areas predominantly consisting of residential zoning, neighborhood business districts, light industrial with limited nighttime use, and residential mixed use areas d. Zone 3 - All other areas e. Zone 4 - High activity commercial districts in major metropolitan areas as designated by the local jurisdiction |
| Units | List: Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 3, Zone 4 |
| Input Restrictions | Not applicable |
| Baseline Building | Not applicable |
| Exterior Lighting Category | |
|---|---|
| Applicability | All projects with exterior lighting |
| Definition | A classification of each exterior lighting system from Table G3.6 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2019. This classification determines the lighting power for the baseline exterior lighting system.. Credit is offered for power reductions for tradable lighting applications, but not for other lighting applications. |
| Units | List (from Table G3.6 of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2019) |
| Input Restrictions | The classification should accurately match the exterior lighting application in the rated building |
| Baseline Building | Same as the proposed design |
| Exterior Lighting Area or Length | |
|---|---|
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
| Definition |
All exterior lighting applications have an associated area or length. This area or length is a factor in determining the baseline building lighting power. The following rules should be taken into account when calculating length or area: · Façade illuminated area: Only areas of façade that are illuminated without obstruction are included in the illuminated area. · If the lighted façade area exceeds exterior wall area or if the door linear footage exceeds 25% of building perimeter, the software shall produce a warning. · Uncovered parking: Uncovered parking shall be calculated according to the rules for the parking portion of “Illuminated hardscape” from Title 24-2013. This definition accounts for the paved area that is within 3 times the luminaire mounting height of parking luminaires: “Illuminated area is defined as any area within a square pattern around each luminaire or pole that is six times the mounting height with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern less any area that is within a building, under a canopy, beyond property lines or obstructed by a sign or structure.”7 |
| Units | ft2 or linear feet |
| Input Restrictions | The area of the exterior lighting application should be determined using the rules in the baseline standard and the associated user’s manual |
| Baseline Building | Same as the proposed |
| Exterior Lighting Power | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Applicability | All projects with exterior lighting. All exterior lighting connected to the building’s electricity meter should be included. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Definition | The calculated exterior lighting power. For the proposed building, this is referred to as the exterior installed lighting power (EILP), for the baseline building, this is referred to as the exterior lighting power allowance (ELPA). | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Units | W or W/ft2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Input Restrictions |
As designed. The EILP for the proposed design is determined by totaling the installed exterior lighting power for all proposed exterior luminaires that are not exempt from the exterior lighting requirements. (Refer to the section below for a list of exempt exterior lighting applications.) According to Standard 90.1-2019 Section 9.4.2, the EIPA cannot exceed the ELPA as determined in accordance to this section in Standard 90.1-2019. ELPA is determined from the product of the exterior lighting area or length and the allowed power for the exterior lighting category. Trade-offs are allowed only among exterior lighting applications listed as ‘Tradable Surfaces’ in Standard 90.1-2019 Table 9.4.2-2. |
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| Baseline Building |
The total ELPA for all exterior building applications is the sum of the individual allowances for areas that are designed to be illuminated and are permitted in Standard 90.1-2019 Table G3.6. ELPA is determined from the product of the exterior lighting area or length and the allowed power for the exterior lighting category. The allowed power is determined from Table 97. For -other lighting applications, not included in the tradabale surfaces, the baseline building lighting power will be the same as the proposed exterior lighting power for those applications. . For tradeable exterior lighting applications, the lighting power shall be equal to the allowance in Table 97 below, Standard 90.1-2019 Table G3.6. Table 97. Exterior Lighting Power Allowances for the Baseline Building
|
| Non-Regulated Exterior Lighting Power Allowance | |
|---|---|
| Applicability | All projects with exterior lighting |
| Definition |
Lighting used for the following exterior applications is exempt when equipped with a control device that complies with the requirements for exterior lighting control, as specified in Standard 90.1-2019 Section 9.4.1.4, and is independent of the control of the nonexempt lighting. These are not required to be included in the total calculated exterior lighting power allowance. a. Lighting that is integral to signage and installed in the signage by the manufacturer. b. Lighting for athletic playing areas. c. Lighting for industrial production, material handling, transportation sites, and associated storage areas. d. Theme elements in theme/amusement parks. e. Lighting used to highlight features of public monuments, public art displays, and registered historic landmark structures or buildings. f. Lighting for water features Lighting used for the following exterior applications is exempt when controlled separately: a. Specialized signal, directional, and marker lighting associated with transportation. b. Lighting integral to equipment or instrumentation and installed by its manufacturer. c. Lighting for theatrical purposes, including performance, stage, film production, and video production. d. Temporary lighting. e. Lighting for hazardous locations. f. Lighting for swimming pools. g. Searchlights. |
| Units | W/ft2 or watts |
| Input Restrictions | As designed. The exceptions to exterior lighting power allowance should be cross-referenced to the type of exception and to the construction documents. |
| Baseline Building | Same as the proposed |
| Exterior Lighting Schedule | |
|---|---|
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
| Definition | The exterior lighting schedule describes the fraction of installed connected lighting power that is operating for any given hour. The lighting schedule is a matrix of fractional values for each hour of the day and by day of week. |
| Units | Data structure: schedule, fractional |
| Input Restrictions | The default exterior lighting schedule shall be from dusk until 1 hour after the indoor lighting schedule drops below emergency lighting level (i.e., below 15%). Custom schedules may be created for atypical operating hours for exterior lighting systems. Each lighting system may operate on its own schedule. The default schedule shall be used as a starting point, however mandatory exterior lighting controls in 90.1-2019 Section 9.4.1.4 will require that the schedules for exterior lighting for certain applications turn off lighting during some nighttime hours. See Exterior Lighting Control below for more details. |
| Baseline Building | The schedule for the baseline building shall be the same as the proposed design modified to ignore any controls that shuts off exterior lighting during nighttime hours. |
NOTE: If exterior lighting loads/schedule for the baseline building differs from the proposed design, this needs to be flagged and reported in the compliance reports.
| Exterior Lighting Control | |
|---|---|
| Applicability | All projects with exterior lighting |
| Definition |
These are mandatory requirements for Standard 90.1-2019, Section 9.4.1.4. Lighting for exterior applications shall meet the following requirements: a. Photocell or other device that shuts off lighting during daylight hours b. Automatic shut-off for building façade and landscape lighting between midnight or business closing, whichever is later, and 6 am or business opening, whichever comes first, or between times established by the authorities having jurisdiction. c. All other lighting shall be controlled by time switches that automatically reduce the connected lighting power by at least 30% for at least one of the following conditions a. From 12 midnight or within 1 hour of the end of business operations, whichever is later, until 6 am or business opening, whichever is earlier b. During any period when no activity has been detected for a time of no longer than 15 minutes Exception: Lighting required for safety, security, or eye adaptation |
| Units | List: Photocell, Automatic Shut-Off, Time Switches |
| Input Restrictions | As designed, at a minimum meeting the above mandatory requirements |
| Baseline Building | a. Photocell or other device that shuts off lighting during daylight hours |
All exterior lighting applications shall be included in the model when the purpose is for green building ratings or Design to Earn ENERGY STAR. If an exterior lighting application is not connected to the building electricity meter, then it should not be included, e.g. street lighting or common area lighting.
The building descriptors that are described in this section apply separately to each lighting application; input for each building descriptor is provided for parking lot lighting, façade lighting, entry lighting, etc. Each lighting application is modeled as a separate system. Exterior lighting applications affect the electric load of the building but do not produce heat that would need to be removed by the building’s cooling system.
| Exterior Lighting Name | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | A name for the lighting system |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | The name should be descriptive and provide a link to the construction documents. |
| Exterior Lighting Power | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The power used for the exterior lighting application. This power should include the lamp as well as the ballast. |
| Units | W or W/ft² |
| Input Restrictions | The lighting power should match the construction documents or the existing building being rated. |
| Exterior Lighting Control | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
The means of controlling exterior lighting systems. The baseline standards required both daylight control and scheduling (e.g. a photocell and a standard time clock or an astronomical time clock). Additional controls could include: |
| Units | List (see above) along with an associated power adjustment factor (PAF) or schedule adjustment |
| Input Restrictions | As designed. Documentation should be provided for lighting controls other than standard and evidence should be provided to support the reduction in lighting power (PAF) or the modification to the schedule. |
| Exterior Lighting Schedule | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The exterior lighting schedule describes the fraction of installed connected lighting power that is operating for any given hour. The lighting schedule is a matrix of fractional values for each hour of the day and by day of week. |
| Units | Data structure: schedule, fractional. |
| Input Restrictions |
The default exterior lighting schedule shall be from dusk until 1 hour after the indoor lighting schedule drops below emergency lighting level (i.e. below 15%). Custom schedules may be created for atypical operating hours for exterior lighting systems. Each lighting system may operate on its own schedule. The default schedule shall be used when detailed information is unavailable. The schedule may be modified when qualifying lighting controls are installed (see above). |
- 1A PG&E study of bi-level motion sensing lighting controls for an outdoor parking lot found that the lights operated at low output for 45% of the evening hours. Pacific Gas and Electric Company Bi-Level LED Parking Lot Lighting: Raley’s Supermarket West Sacramento, CA: February 2009 Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0815 http://www.etcc-ca.com/images/stories/final20emerging20technology20report20for20led20parking20lot20lighting1.pdf
- 2For bi-level scheduling controls, one could turn off a fraction of the lights after interior lighting schedule dropped below 50% to indicate reduced lighting for after normal business hours or if parking lot lighting is within scope, reduced parking area that is illuminated during stocking, and other reduced activity periods.
All exterior lighting applications shall be included in the model when the purpose is for green building ratings or Design to Earn ENERGY STAR. If an exterior lighting application is not connected to the building electricity meter, then it should not be included, e.g. street lighting or common area lighting.
The building descriptors that are described in this section apply separately to each lighting application; input for each building descriptor is provided for parking lot lighting, façade lighting, entry lighting, etc. Each lighting application is modeled as a separate system. Exterior lighting applications affect the electric load of the building but do not produce heat that would need to be removed by the building’s cooling system.
| Exterior Lighting Name | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | A name for the lighting system |
| Units | Text, unique |
| Input Restrictions | The name should be descriptive and provide a link to the construction documents. |
| Exterior Lighting Power | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The power used for the exterior lighting application. This power should include the lamp as well as the ballast. |
| Units | W or W/ft² |
| Input Restrictions | The lighting power should match the construction documents or the existing building being rated. |
| Exterior Lighting Control | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition |
The means of controlling exterior lighting systems. The baseline standards required both daylight control and scheduling (e.g. a photocell and a standard time clock or an astronomical time clock). Additional controls could include: |
| Units | List (see above) along with an associated power adjustment factor (PAF) or schedule adjustment |
| Input Restrictions | As designed. Documentation should be provided for lighting controls other than standard and evidence should be provided to support the reduction in lighting power (PAF) or the modification to the schedule. |
| Exterior Lighting Schedule | |
| Applicability | All exterior lighting systems |
|---|---|
| Definition | The exterior lighting schedule describes the fraction of installed connected lighting power that is operating for any given hour. The lighting schedule is a matrix of fractional values for each hour of the day and by day of week. |
| Units | Data structure: schedule, fractional. |
| Input Restrictions |
The default exterior lighting schedule shall be from dusk until 1 hour after the indoor lighting schedule drops below emergency lighting level (i.e. below 15%). Custom schedules may be created for atypical operating hours for exterior lighting systems. Each lighting system may operate on its own schedule. The default schedule shall be used when detailed information is unavailable. The schedule may be modified when qualifying lighting controls are installed (see above). |
- 1A PG&E study of bi-level motion sensing lighting controls for an outdoor parking lot found that the lights operated at low output for 45% of the evening hours. Pacific Gas and Electric Company Bi-Level LED Parking Lot Lighting: Raley’s Supermarket West Sacramento, CA: February 2009 Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0815 http://www.etcc-ca.com/images/stories/final20emerging20technology20report20for20led20parking20lot20lighting1.pdf
- 2For bi-level scheduling controls, one could turn off a fraction of the lights after interior lighting schedule dropped below 50% to indicate reduced lighting for after normal business hours or if parking lot lighting is within scope, reduced parking area that is illuminated during stocking, and other reduced activity periods.